So many people recognize albinism, but only a few actually understand what albinism is all about with accurate information.
Albinism is a genetic, non-contagious condition caused by a lack or complete absence of the pigment melanin resulting in pale skin, light hair, pale eyes, and impaired vision. Albinism is a world distribution meaning found in all races though more prominent around the equator. For a child to be born with albinism, both parents must pass down the same recessive genes.
There are two main types of albinism: Oculocutaneous albinism in which the eyes, skin, and hair are affected, and Ocular albinism affecting the eyes only. Oculocutaneous albinism is the most common form. Due to the lack or complete absence of melanin, the skin becomes prone to burn when exposed to ultraviolet light for long periods.
Albinism is also characterized by vision impairment conditions such as:
- •Nystagmus — rapid, involuntary eye movements
- •Strabismus — misalignment of the eyes (crossed eyes)
- •Photophobia — sensitivity to light
- •Astigmatism — blurring of vision due to an irregular curve of the cornea
- •Foveal hypoplasia — underdevelopment of the fovea, reducing visual acuity
People with albinism face numerous challenges including discrimination, stigmatization, and social exclusion. In many African communities, myths and misconceptions about albinism lead to extreme violence and abuse. Born to Dazzle Foundation works to combat these injustices through education, advocacy, and community engagement.
Understanding albinism is the first step toward creating a more inclusive and accepting world for persons with albinism. We invite you to learn more, share this knowledge, and support our mission.